COMMENTS:
The deanery of Mushyna was the most westerly outpost of the Ukrainian Catholic church in all Lemkoland. It is interesting to note that out of the 26 tserkvy in the deanery, 24 have survived to this date. This is contrary to some deaneries where not one tserkva is left. The church in Novyj Sanch was destroyed by Soviet artillery fire during WWII, while the wooden church in Nova Ves was torched by unknown person as was noted earlier in the text. It should be pointed out that Ukrainian Catholic services are held only in Krynytsya. They are not held in the Ukrainian tserkva of the Epiphany of Our Lord, but in rented premises.
DEANERY OF HRYBIV
* 10 - PARISHES
* 18 - CHURCHES
* 10,800 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
Out of 18 tserkvy in the Deanery of Hrybiv, 13 are used as Roman Catholic kostely, while one stands abandoned. It is not known if Ukrainian Catholic services are held anywhere on the territory of this Deanery.
Banytsya | Bohusha | Chyrna | Kamyanna | Korolewa |
Berest | Brunary Vyzhni | Florynka | Perunka | Snitnytsya |
Bil'tsareva | Charna | Izby | Polyany |
DEANERY OF HORLYTSI
* 18 - PARISHES
* 35 - CHURCHES
* 17,800 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
The deanery of Horlytsi, with its original 35 tserkvy, 18 parishes and 20,000 parishioners, was the largest in the Lemko Apostolic Administration. Here we see some of the most outstanding examples of Lemko ecclesiastical wooden architecture.Today we find that: 18 tserkvy are used by the Polish Roman Catholic church; 13, by the Orthodox church; three stand abandoned; and one was moved to the Syanik museum (not yet erected). It should be explained that the remnants of the Ukrainian Catholic population switched to the Orthodox religion when faced with persecution and discrimination by the Roman Catholic church in Poland. The Orthodox church acquired a portion of the tserkvy, including Regetiv, from which locality there is no photograph in this book.
DEANERY OF DUKLA
* 17 - PARISHES
* 28 - CHURCHES
* 17,800 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
As we move further east we see that alarger percentage of the tserkvy were destroyed. In the deanery of Dukla, only 13 out of 28 ecclesiastical structures remain, and even some of these will not last much longer withoutrestoration.
Chorne | Krampna | Polyany | Vilkhovets |
Doshnytsya | Mshana | Svyatkova Velyka | Zhydivske |
Hrab | Mystsova | Svyatkova Mala | |
Hyrova | Ozhynna | Terstyana | |
Kotan' | Perehrymka | Tylava |
DEANERY OF RYMANIV
* 16 - PARISHES
* 29 - CHURCHES
* 19,100 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
Moving further east, we find only 10 out of 29 Ukrainian tserkvy standing. Most of the non-existing structures were burned down by the Polish forces evacuating the Ukrainian population or taken apart and used as building material. The Ukrainian priests of the deanery of Rymaniv suffered, together with the population. In Bosko, the Germans executed Rev. Mychaylo Velychko (1889-1939) together with 80 farmers - his parishioners. At the end of W.W.II Polish bandits shot Rev. Nykolay Holovach (1893-1944). Rev. Jaroslav Shchyrba (1902-1944), parish priest in Shklyary, met with a similar fate by means of a bullet fired through the window.In the village of Shklyary, where the tserkva of St. Nicholas (1894) no longer exists, Rev. Stefan Yadlovs'kyj was born. He formulated the only Schematism of the Lemko Apostolic Administration, for the year 1936.
Balutyanka | Odrekhova | Voroblik Korolivs'kiy | Yablonitsya Pols'ka |
Dalova | Sinyava | Voroblik Shlakhetskiy | |
Korolyk Volos'kiy | Volya Nizhnya | Zavadka Rymanivs'ka |
DEANERY OF KOROSNO
* 7 - PARISHES
* 8 - CHURCHES
* 7,100 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
The deanery of Korosno forms the northern flank of Lemkivshchyna, and was lately sparsely populated with Ukrainians. It must be said, however, that the borders of Kievan Rus' were even further northwest of here, and the countryside was populated by Ukrainians. The subsequent 400 years of Polish rule resulted in the assimilation of most of the native population. All eight tserkvy that belonged to the Korosno deanery are used as kostels by the Polish Roman Catholic church.
Blyzen'ka | Hvozdyanka | Ripnyk |
Bonarivka | Krasna | Vanivka |
Chornoriky | Oparivka |
DEANERY OF BUKIVSKO
* 18 - PARISHES
* 35 - CHURCHES
* 17,800 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
We have now entered the region where the Ukrainian native population actively resisted the efforts of the Polish government to expel them to the Soviet Union. They suffered terribly at the hands of the Polish army as well as of the Polish hooligans. In the Deanery of Bukivsko, where there were 20 tserkvy organized into 11 parishes, only 4 remain standing.In the village of Karlykiv, which belonged to this deanery, and where the tserkva no longer exists, Rev. Oleksij Malarchyk (1878-1945) was murdered together with 14 of his parishioners. This was done during one of the pre-expulsion raids.The village of Zavadka Morokhivs'ka serve as a good example of the brutal oppression inflicted on the Ukrainian population. Here the Polish army, stationed in nearby Syanik, made at least six separate assaults starting on January 23-24, 1946, during which 56 inhabitants were murdered and a portion of the village burned and looted. The end came on April 30, 1946, when 78 inhabitants, including only 4 men, were evacuated to the Soviet Union. All together, about 250 people lost their lives during those three months.
Morokhiv | Polonna | Volya Sen'kova |
Nahoryany | Vislok Nizhniy | Volytsya |
Pelnya | Volya Petrova |
DEANERY OF SYANIK
* 14 - PARISHES
* 24 - CHURCHES
* 18,900 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
Out of the 24 tserkvy in the Syanik deanery, 21 remain standing. Sixteen of these are used as kostels by the Polish Roman Catholic church, one is used as a museum, one as a warehouse, and three are used by the Orthodox church.
Chertezh | Lodyna | Tyryava Silna |
Dolyna | Mezhybrid | Vilkhivtsi |
Dubrivka Rus'ka | Mryholod | Viysko |
Hlomcha | Semushova | Yalyn |
Holuchkiv | Syanichok | Yurivtsi |
Hrabivka | Syanik | Zahirye |
Kostarivtsi | Terepcha | Zahutyn |
DEANERY OF DYNIV
* 11 - PARISHES
* 18- CHURCHES
* 13,700 - PARISHONERS
COMMENTS:
The deanery of Dyniv is now populated mostly by Poles. This was not the case during the Kievan Rus' days, when almost all of the population was of Ukrainian ancestry. It was after the downfall of the Galicia Volyn Principality (1349) that the pressures were applied on the population by the Polish landlords to polonize and to switch to the Latin rite.To cite examples of such pressure one can mention Kateryna Vapovska, the land owner of a good portion of the deanery of Dyniv, who on January 23, 1593, issued a proclamation that "...tserkvy on her God-given territories are to be closed or changed to kostels and the clergy must be persuaded to convert the Ukrainians into the fold of the Roman Catholic church...".By the time of W.W.II, the Ukrainians were outnumbered about 10 to 1 in this region, and every Ukrainian village was surrounded by Polish villages. One must expect that, today, the Ukrainians are in an even worse situation.Out of 18 tserkvy in the Deanery of Dyniv, 8 are used as kostels, one is used as a museum, and one stands abandoned.
Dobra Shlakhetska | Lubna | Vara |
Izdebky | Obaryms | Vitryliv |
Kinshke | Pavlokoma | Volodzh |
Kremyana | Selys'ka | |
Kryve | Ulyuch |